As defined by FRED:
“ [1]The velocity of money is the frequency at which one unit of currency is used to purchase domestically produced goods and services within a given time period. In other words, it is the number of times one dollar is spent to buy goods and services per unit of time. If the velocity of money is increasing, then more transactions are occurring between individuals in an economy. The frequency of currency exchange can be used to determine the velocity of a given component of the money supply, providing some insight into whether consumers and businesses are saving or spending their money. There are several components of the money supply,: M1, M2, and MZM (M3 is no longer tracked by the Federal Reserve); these components are arranged on a spectrum of narrowest to broadest. Consider M1, the narrowest component. M1 is the money supply of currency in circulation (notes and coins, traveler’s checks [non-bank issuers], demand deposits, and checkable deposits). A decreasing velocity of M1 might indicate fewer short term consumption transactions are taking place. We can think of shorter term transactions as consumption we might make on an everyday basis. The broader M2 component includes M1 in addition to saving deposits, certificates of deposit (less than $100,000), and money market deposits for individuals. Comparing the velocities of M1 and M2 provides some insight into how quickly the economy is spending and how quickly it is saving.”
Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Velocity of M2 Money Stock [M2V], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M2V, November 8, 2016.
On November 6, 2016, I reviewed the FRED M2 Velocity graph which illustrated a sustained and worrysome downward trend (see my previous blog post from November 6, 2016).
https://thomasdalejay.blogspot.com/2016/11/pre-election-special-whats-really.html
That year we continued to see news stories about Wall Street gains along with monthly cheers for small, incremental increases in the employment rate while still puzzling over our economic stagnation. The Obama administration had ceased the larger publication of the complete scale of unemployment data publishing only the U3 component (although table A15 citing tables U1–U6 is still published). With almost 10% of our nation unemployed we had a serious problem. Then Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen correctly observed and reported the unemployment dilemma immediately after taking office. As the inflation rate was in single digits, Yellen continued economic stimulus of the M2 money supply but was reluctant to raise interest rates for fear of stalling the M2 velocity further and crashing our still fragile consumer economy. Obama Care and regulatory policies had crippled the US economy, placing greater financial burdens on employers and individuals by discouraging the hire of new, full time employees.
The current May 15, 2018 Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Velocity of M2 Money Stock chart is displayed below. Note the recovery since Q2 2017 and sustained upward trajectory of the M2 velocity through Q1 2018. Although data can be collected and displayed rapidly many factors reported by FRED are trends reflecting time constants inherent in a complex economy. Improvement in economic trend lines as expressed by consumer spending can sometimes manifest itself in a slow upward ramp as a large population builds its confidence in market conditions over time.
The May 2018 Federal Reserve M2 Velocity Chart Shows 3 Consecutive Quarters of Growth
Jerome H. Powell was sworn in as Federal Reserve Chairman on February 5, 2018. Appointed by President Trump he succeeds Janet Yellon. As the economy improves Chairman Powell has resumed Yellon’s watch on interest rates as spending increases and business expands.
Three major factors restored the M2 velocity and broader economic trends:
1. The Obama Care tax penalty mandate was recently recinded by congress (tax penalties for those who couldn’t afford the premium payments).
2. President Trump’s tax cut passed by congress was a major boon to employers resulting in large scale bonuses and wage hikes for many hourly employees.
3. President Trump removed many of the regulations imposed on business during the Obama years. The coal industry was almost completely destroyed by zealous regulators who championed solar power as an alternative rather than complementary asset to our traditional coal energy resources.
President Trump continues to champion US business by addressing unfair trade deficit issues with the international community. In addition, President Trump plans to pursue additional tax cuts which should further stimulate the economy. The repatriation of $Trillions in US business cash assets from overseas banks and the return of outsourced manufacturing to the US mainland should help sustain US job growth.
A final note: After years of trending downward I saw the M2 Velocity move upward for the first time a few months ago and was eager to report the news. As a former trader on the NYSE and NASDAQ and as a career semiconductor industry executive/strategist, caution tempered my enthusiasm. It seemed prudent to observe a few quarters of sustained upward momentum before reporting what I consider to be a significant inflection point in the US economy.
I add my voice to the many who have already declared our economy is experiencing real recovery which should sustain itself throughout President Trumps term of office and influence.
Best regards,
Thomas D. Jay
Semiconductor Industry Consultant
Thomas.Dale.Jay@gmail.com
https://ThomasDaleJay.blogspot.com
Thomas D. Jay YouTube Channel
Thomas D. Jay is a member of SPIE and IEEE
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References and acknowledgements:
[2] Thomas D. Jay blog post November 6, 2016 https://thomasdalejay.blogspot.com/2016/11/pre-election-special-whats-really.html
[3] US Bureau of Labor Statistics web site
although table A15 citing tables U1–U6 is still published
[4] Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?id=M2V,#0
[5] Jerome H. Powell
https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/pressreleases/other20180205a.htm
